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Relations between India and Croatia have been friendly since the days of the former Yugoslavia (SFRY).  Marshal Tito, a Croat, who ruled Yugoslavia for more than three decades, maintained close relations with the then Indian leadership.  Nehru and Tito were also pioneers of the Non-Aligned Movement.  Croatia dominated bilateral trade relations accounting for more than two-thirds of trade between India and the former Yugoslavia. This included large scale purchases of Croatian ships by India in the 1970s and 1980s.

India recognized Croatia in May 1992 and established diplomatic relations with it on 9 July 1992. Croatia opened its resident mission at New Delhi in February 1995. The Indian Mission in Zagreb was opened on 28 April 1996, and upgraded to Ambassadorial level in January 1998.